Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP, LPS-binding protein) is a serum glycoprotein belonging to the family of lipid-binding proteins. LBP is synthesized by hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells. Serum concentrations of LBP range between 5 and 10 ug/ml during homeostasis, increasing up to 200 ug/ml during the acute-phase response in the course of infection [8].
LBP expression and function are strongly associated with recognition and control of bacterial infection. [4] LBP is an acute-phase reactant. As a class I acute-phase protein, LBP is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukins 1 and 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and glucocorticoid hormones in liver and in non-hepatic tissues such as the gut and the lung [3].
LPS is released from CD14 in the lipid bilayer and binds to a complex of receptors including Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) to initiate intracellular signalling cascades and transcription of genes mediated through NF-κB [1].
If dysregulated, these host reactions can have inadvertent outcomes such as severe sepsis, septic shock, or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) [4].
LBP binds LPS in various pathologic states including obesity and insulin resistance.
Enzyme Immunoassay for the quantitative determination of Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP, LPS-binding protein) in human serum and plasma.
RESOURCES
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